View Kye Grundy’s profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. Kye has 3 jobs listed on their profile. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Kye’s connections and jobs at similar companies. Detect Wireless Network Security Environment - Reliable & Time-Saving. This Windows Wi-Fi password viewer program can also be used to audit your wireless network security environment. From the encryption type and authention method, you are able to distinguish public network and password-protected network. AES and WPA2PSK network: Secure. Information and translations of kye in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. A Member Of The STANDS4 Network. Games on Keygames! Play over 9000 free games. Play brand new and fun games online on keygames.com!

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Abstract: We present a deep, fully convolutional neural network that learns to route acircuit layout net with appropriate choice of metal tracks and wire classcombinations. Inputs to the network are the encoded layouts containing spatiallocation of pins to be routed. After 15 fully convolutional stages followed bya score comparator, the network outputs 8 layout layers (corresponding to 4route layers, 3 via layers and an identity-mapped pin layer) which are thendecoded to obtain the routed layouts. We formulate this as a binarysegmentation problem on a per-pixel per-layer basis, where the network istrained to correctly classify pixels in each layout layer to be 'on' or 'off'.To demonstrate learnability of layout design rules, we train the network on adataset of 50,000 train and 10,000 validation samples that we generate based oncertain pre-defined layout constraints. Precision, recall and $F_1$ scoremetrics are used to track the training progress. Our network achieves$F_1approx97%$ on the train set and $F_1approx92%$ on the validation set.We use PyTorch for implementing our model. Code is made publicly available atthis https URL .

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From: Sambhav R. Jain [view email]
[v1] Tue, 27 Jun 2017 17:20:21 UTC (1,304 KB)
[v2]Mon, 11 Sep 2017 18:37:04 UTC (1,304 KB)
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What is Network Security Key and how to find Network Security Key for Router, Windows, and Android phones:

The concept of Virtualization was explained in detail in our previous tutorial on this Informative Networking Training Series.

In our earlier tutorials, we have learned more about security protocols, authentication, authorization and access methods that are used to access a network or wireless devices.
We have also explored the various kinds of network security measures that are taken to make our overall network system secure from unauthorized access and virus attacks.

Here, in this tutorial, we will briefly learn about Network security keys that are used for safeguarding our network along with its various kinds.

What You Will Learn:

• Types of Network Security Key
• How to Find Password on Router, Windows, and Android
• Is Network Security Key Same As The Password?

What is a Network Security Key?

The network security key is a kind of network password or the passphrase in the form of physical, digital signature or biometric data password that is used to provide authorization and accessibility to the wireless network or device on which the client requests to connect with.

The security key also provisions to establish a secure connection between the requesting client and the serving network or wireless device like routers etc. These protect our network and devices from unwanted access.

The security key is of various kinds and is widely used everywhere in our day to day services like online banking, money transactions in the form of OTP’s (one time password), online shopping, accessing the Internet service, login into the mail account or any network device etc.

Types of Network Security Key

The most common types of a network security key that are used for authorization in wireless networks include Wi-Fi protected access (WPA and WPA2) and wired equivalent privacy (WEP).

#1) WEP

WEP uses a 40-bit key for encryption of the data packet. This key is combined with a 24-bit IV (initialization vector) to make an RC4 key. This 40 bit and 24 bit of IV makes a 64-bit WEP key.

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There are two kinds of authentication methods used i.e. open system and shared key authentication.

In the open system authentication method, the requesting client host need not present the credentials to the access point for authentication as any client can try to associate with the network. Here, only the WEP key is used for the encryption process.

While in the shared key authentication, the WEP key is used for authentication by deploying a four-way challenge-response handshake process.

Firstly, the host client sends the authentication request to the access point. Then the access point in response sends back the clear-text challenge. By using the WEP key, the client host will encrypt the challenge text and send it back to the access point.

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The response will then be decrypted by the access point and if it is identical to the challenge text, then it will transmit a positive reply. Later the authentication and the association process will get completed and again the WEP key is used for encryption of the data packets using RC4.

From the above process, it seems that this process is a secure one, but practically the key can easily be decoded by anyone by cracking the challenge frames. Therefore, this method of encryption and authentication is less in practice and the WPA which is a more secure method than this has been evolved.

WEP Encryption:

#2) WPA and WPA2

The host device which wants to connect to the network requires the security key to start the communication. The WPA and WPA-2 both work on the principle that after the validation of the key, the exchange of data among the host device and the access point is in an encrypted form.

The WPA deploys a temporal key integrity protocol (TKIP) which uses a per- packet key which means that it dynamically produces a fresh 128-bit key each time when a packet arrives and allocates the same to the data packet. This saves the packet from any unwanted access and attacks.

It does have a message integrity check, which guards the data against the viruses that can modify and re-transmit the packets according to themselves. In this way, it replaces the cyclic redundancy check method for error detection and correction that was used by the WEP.
There are different divisions of the WPA depending upon the kind of the user using it.

WPA and WPA-2 -Personal (WPA-PSK): This is used for home networks and small-scale office networks as it doesn’t need the server based authentication. The data is encrypted by extracting the 128 bit key from the pre-shared key of 256 bit.

WPA and WPA2 Enterprise: It deploys the 802.1x authentication server and RADIUS server authentication which is a much secure one and is already described in detail in our previous tutorials for encryption and access. This is mainly used in authorization and authentication processes of the business organizations.

How to Find Password on Router, Windows, and Android

How to Find Network Security Key for Router?

The network security key plays a very important role in connecting your devices to the router for you to access the Internet.

If the network security key is altered by someone or if you forget your network security key, then you will not be able to access the Internet services like surfing on the internet, watching movies online or playing games online etc.

How and where to the find network security key on the router:

The router’s network security key is labeled on the hardware and is marked as the “ security key”, “WEP key”,” WPA key” or “ passphrase”. You can also derive it from the manual that comes with the router when you purchase it.

You can also learn the Network security key of the router by logging in into its default settings on its web interface.

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How to Find Network Security Key for Windows?

The network security key for the Windows PC or laptop is the WI-Fi password to connect to the Internet network.

I am using windows 10, so the steps to be followed to enter the network security key or password are as follows:

• Go to the start menu and select the settings option, after that select the network and Internet option and go to the Network and sharing center.
• In the network and sharing center, select the name of the network on which you want to connect with, and then in the Wi-Fi status, select the wireless properties.
• In the wireless network properties, select the network security key option and enter your password and then enter the next button. After checking the network requirements and after acquiring the IP address, you will be connected to the internet.
• Now you will get connected with the Internet network and then it will display as connected. You can also check the properties, by clicking on the button.

With the help of the below snapshots, you will get a clear picture of the settings.

Wireless network connection settings Part-1

Wireless network Connection Settings part-2

How to find the network security key for windows:

When our PC is connected to a network, then it will memorize the password or the security key of the network on which it is connected.

But if you want to find out the password then follow the below steps:

1. Go to the control panel of the computer and then select the network and internet option.
2. In that, select “manage wireless networks” option and click on the network SSID on which you are connected.
3. Right click on the network name and click on properties and then choose the security tab.
4. Checkmark on the show characters option to find out the network security key.

How to Find Network Security Key for Android?

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3G and 4G mean LTE supported android phones support the use of data or the Internet on the handset itself. We just need to enable the mobile data button on the android phone to activate the data services.

But a network security key is required to make a mobile hotspot from an android phone for pairing it with some other devices through which that device can also access the Internet.

While the smartphones these days have the icon for enabling the mobile hotspot in settings, from where we can allow the pairing of devices with android phones. Remember that the mobile hotspot will work only when the mobile data is enabled in the handset.

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The steps of enabling the mobile hotspot and entering the security key are as follows:

• Go to the wireless and networks settings of the android phone. Then select the tethering and portable hotspot option.
• Now go to WLAN or Wi-Fi hotspot option and press on the button so that the WLAN hotspot mode will get enabled.
• Then go to set up a WLAN hotspot option and select it. When you select this option, it will display the default network SSID (your android phone network name), type of security (open, WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) and network security key (password). The network SSID and password is unique for each Android phone by default. This way you can find out the network security key for your android phone.
• You can modify these details according to your choice and then save the changes you made.
• The device that you want to pair with this can access the Internet by entering the network SSID and password in its wireless and network settings. Now hotspot is activated between the handset and the network device.
• The mobile hotspot will keep working until the services are deactivated from the android phone or till the data limit on the android phone exhausts.
• If some unauthorized user is accessing your Internet, then you can block that as well from the hotspot settings, as this is also a feature of the smartphone in which you can see how many numbers of users are connected with the phone.

Activating Mobile Hotspot for an Android phone

What is Network Security Key Mismatch Error and How to Fix It

When we connect our network device like a router, PC, laptop or Android phone to a wireless network for accessing the Internet in any LAN network or home network, then we require the network security key as a password to access the network.

This network security key is a unique combination of alphanumeric characters and is different for each network which is available in the range.

When you enter the password and if a message appears that there is network security key mismatch, then it means that the combination of characters that you are entering to get access to the network is incorrect and it doesn’t match with the password of that particular network.

How to Fix Network Security Key Mismatch Error?

There are various ways to resolve the issue and we can try them to get the right security key.

Following are some of the tips:

• A most common reason for network key mismatch is that when we enter a wrong password. As a password is case sensitive, make sure that you will enter the letters in the upper and lower case exactly in the same way as they were used in the password.
• If you are entering the right password and if still the problem persists then restart your device like restart the router or PC whichever you are using. Sometimes the device will hang and when you give a restart, it will start working normally.
• Another reason for key mismatch can be that the Wi-Fi network which you are trying to access is not compatible with your device. Therefore it is showing a password mismatch message. Hence, check out which version of the Wi-Fi network your device can support and then try to log in only into those range of networks.
• Things will get worse if all these solutions do not get the issue resolved. In such cases of routers, one has to reset the entire system. Thus, login into the router and then create a new network name and a new network security key and write it down properly for memorizing it.
• Now in your PC or laptop network and sharing center settings, delete all the details of the network and restart your PC.
• Again search for the network that you want to connect with and then add the new network security key. Try to connect manually and You will definitely get through the network.
• In this way, you can fix the mismatch issues of the network key.

Is Network Security Key Same As The Password?

This is the most frequently asked question. Often the reader’s or users get confused with the meaning of a network security key and the password.

The security key is the technical term which is generally used with routers, switches, and modems, where for each network SSID there is a unique and different type of security key named as WPA key or WPA2 key or passphrase depending upon the maker of the network device.

Also for the windows PC, the network security key as a password is used in association with the network name to access the wireless network. The key is nothing but a unique combination of alpha-numeric characters.

But in general, when we are accessing the Internet services from an android phone, the security key will be displayed as the password for activating the services. Thus both are the same but different terminologies are used depending on the makers of the device, kind of the device and network environment that is been deployed.

Conclusion

From this tutorial, we have understood the concept of network security key along with its various types.

We have also seen the different applications of a network security key with the various kinds of network devices and networking environment.

We have learned some useful methods to resolve the mismatch issue of a security key and simple steps to configure the security key in the windows PC, routers and Android phones.

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